Masonry Materials, Development of Building Structures, Elements and systems.Types of Masonry Construction (Un-reinforced, Reinforced, Prestressed),Structural Design, Structural Requirements – Environmental Requirement, Mortar – Grout – Reinforcement – Masonry Assemblages –Strength; Flexural, Axial compression, Combined axial compression, flexure, andShear. Beams and Lintels, flexural walls. Axial and out of Plane loads, Columnsand Pilasters, Shear Walls, Construction Considerations and Details. Characteristics and properties of wood as a structural material; design and detailing of structural elements and entire structures of wood. Topics include allowable stresses, design and detailing of solid beams and columns, nailed and bolted connections, plywood diaphragms and shear walls. Introduction to composite structures (Ferro cement, advanced composites, corrugated etc.…)